使用 Maven Bom 管理项目依赖
Java Maven 2022.07.30当你有多个项目在开发的时候，要如何让他们依赖的版本保持一致呢？例如这些应用都使用了同一个数据库服务，那么他们需要与数据库的驱动版本保持一致，在更新所有这些应用中的依赖版本会很繁琐。
介绍
我们以一个 CLI 应用程序的依赖关系为例
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>my-cli-app</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongodb-driver-sync</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.picocli</groupId>
<artifactId>picocli</artifactId>
<version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
让我们创建一个依赖BOM来管理这两个依赖项
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>sample-BOM</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongodb-driver-sync</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.picocli</groupId>
<artifactId>picocli</artifactId>
<version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
然后将它导入到现有的项目中
diff
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>my-cli-app</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ <dependencyManagement>
+ <dependencies>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.example</groupId>
+ <artifactId>sample-BOM</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0.0</version>
+ <type>pom</type>
+ <scope>import</scope>
+ </dependency>
+ </dependencies>
+ </dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongodb-driver-sync</artifactId>
- <version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.picocli</groupId>
<artifactId>picocli</artifactId>
- <version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
这样主需要在sample-BOM项目中修改依赖的版本，所有导入了sample-BOM的项目的版本就会随之而改变了。